易栈网-膘叔

看着这样的标题，大家也应该知道大致是什么内容，所以我还是大致写下摘要，详细内容我就不贴了。
从所周知，在国内出现这样的标题的文章，都是写着几乎同样的内容，先是介绍一下事情的经过，目前的现状，和国内国际的形势。然后评论一下这些现状的产生情况，最后专家点评一下。当然最后还得写着，这种事情没关系的，只有这种现状发生了，我们才能有改变，才能重生。
所以，本文的摘要就是，先说一下iphone供应商出走的事情，然后去东莞实际调查，发现用工荒的现状。说明一下国内大量用工荒和越南的用工便宜的情况，讨论一下为什么我们国家出现了用工荒，最后专家说产业转移是发展中国家产业转移是正常的，但短期内不会出现潮流，所以国内不需要太多担心。最后文章就表示：【世界离不开“车间”和“制造”。没有了中国制造，取而代之的便是“东盟制造”。廉价的中国制造慢慢退出世界舞台的同时，涅槃而生的应该是中国制造的科技和创新。】

上面还是说的有点啰嗦，不过相信大家看懂了一点。如果觉得我写的烂，到这里看全文吧：http://www.cnbeta.com/articles/140856.htm。。。

最后再谈谈评论，CB上以前大量的评论都比较不错，当然现在的评论更多的纠结于果粉和谷粉之间的矛盾，你说我傻我笑你痴。所以评论质量就直线下降，只能是成为饭后谈资的一点小点缀而已。
所幸，本文的评论都还算好，至少没有出现骂人的情况，说的也比较中肯，为避免一些不必要的文字上的纠纷，我直接上图

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最后插一句，QQ2011 Beta2的截图居然是保存成PNG了。截图的质量比以前好了很多。

这是一篇来自Yii官方的文章，写在了1.1.6的new fetures里面，值得一看，最起码，你在看完后，下次被人面试的时候，问到什么 是MVC，你可以有回答的东西了。

不多说，上原文，内容也不复杂，所以我就不翻译了（其实是我翻译不来，将就着看看可以，可是要翻译成人人都能看得懂的内容就难了）。。。

原文来自于：http://www.yiiframework.com/doc/guide/1.1/en/basics.best-practices，目前官方也确实没有中文版。

Although Model-View-Controller (MVC) is known by nearly every Web developer, how to properly use MVC in real application development still eludes many people. The central idea behind MVC is code reusability and separation of concerns. In this section, we describe some general guidelines on how to better follow MVC when developing a Yii application.

To better explain these guidelines, we assume a Web application consists of several sub-applications, such as

• front end: a public-facing website for normal end users;
• back end: a website that exposes administrative functionality for managing the application. This is usually restricted to administrative staff;
• console: an application consisting of console commands to be run in a terminal window or as scheduled jobs to support the whole application;
• Web API: providing interfaces to third parties for integrating with the application.

The sub-applications may be implemented in terms of modules, or as a Yii application that shares some code with other sub-applications.

1. Model 

Models represent the underlying data structure of a Web application. Models are often shared among different sub-applications of a Web application. For example, a LoginForm model may be used by both the front end and the back end of an application; a News model may be used by the console commands, Web APIs, and the front/back end of an application. Therefore, models

• should contain properties to represent specific data;

• should contain business logic (e.g. validation rules) to ensure the represented data fulfills the design requirement;

• may contain code for manipulating data. For example, a SearchForm model, besides representing the search input data, may contain a search method to implement the actual search.

Sometimes, following the last rule above may make a model very fat, containing too much code in a single class. It may also make the model hard to maintain if the code it contains serves different purposes. For example, a News model may contain a method named getLatestNews which is only used by the front end; it may also contain a method named getDeletedNews which is only used by the back end. This may be fine for an application of small to medium size. For large applications, the following strategy may be used to make models more maintainable:

• Define a NewsBase model class which only contains code shared by different sub-applications (e.g. front end, back end);

• In each sub-application, define a News model by extending from NewsBase. Place all of the code that is specific to the sub-application in this News model.

So, if we were to employ this strategy in our above example, we would add a News model in the front end application that contains only the getLatestNews method, and we would add another News model in the back end application, which contains only the getDeletedNews method.

In general, models should not contain logic that deals directly with end users. More specifically, models

• should not use $_GET, $_POST, or other similar variables that are directly tied to the end-user request. Remember that a model may be used by a totally different sub-application (e.g. unit test, Web API) that may not use these variables to represent user requests. These variables pertaining to the user request should be handled by the Controller.

• should avoid embedding HTML or other presentational code. Because presentational code varies according to end user requirements (e.g. front end and back end may show the detail of a news in completely different formats), it is better taken care of by views.

2. View 

Views are responsible for presenting models in the format that end users desire. In general, views

• should mainly contain presentational code, such as HTML, and simple PHP code to traverse, format and render data;

• should avoid containing code that performs explicit DB queries. Such code is better placed in models.

• should avoid direct access to $_GET, $_POST, or other similar variables that represent the end user request. This is the controller's job. The view should be focused on the display and layout of the data provided to it by the controller and/or model, but not attempting to access request variables or the database directly.

• may access properties and methods of controllers and models directly. However, this should be done only for the purpose of presentation.

Views can be reused in different ways:

• Layout: common presentational areas (e.g. page header, footer) can be put in a layout view.

• Partial views: use partial views (views that are not decorated by layouts) to reuse fragments of presentational code. For example, we use _form.php partial view to render the model input form that is used in both model creation and updating pages.

• Widgets: if a lot of logic is needed to present a partial view, the partial view can be turned into a widget whose class file is the best place to contain this logic. For widgets that generate a lot of HTML markup, it is best to use view files specific to the widget to contain the markup.

• Helper classes: in views we often need some code snippets to do tiny tasks such as formatting data or generating HTML tags. Rather than placing this code directly into the view files, a better approach is to place all of these code snippets in a view helper class. Then, just use the helper class in your view files. Yii provides an example of this approach. Yii has a powerful CHtml helper class that can produce commonly used HTML code. Helper classes may be put in an autoloadable directory so that they can be used without explicit class inclusion.

3. Controller 

Controllers are the glue that binds models, views and other components together into a runnable application. Controllers are responsible for dealing directly with end user requests. Therefore, controllers

• may access $_GET, $_POST and other PHP variables that represent user requests;

• may create model instances and manage their life cycles. For example, in a typical model update action, the controller may first create the model instance; then populate the model with the user input from $_POST; after saving the model successfully, the controller may redirect the user browser to the model detail page. Note that the actual implementation of saving a model should be located in the model instead of the controller.

• should avoid containing embedded SQL statements, which are better kept in models.

• should avoid containing any HTML or any other presentational markup. This is better kept in views.

In a well-designed MVC application, controllers are often very thin, containing probably only a few dozen lines of code; while models are very fat, containing most of the code responsible for representing and manipulating the data. This is because the data structure and business logic represented by models is typically very specific to the particular application, and needs to be heavily customized to meet the specific application requirements; while controller logic often follows a similar pattern across applications and therefore may well be simplified by the underlying framework or the base classes.